This article provides an overview of the diverse ways in which computational thinking has
been operationalised in the literature. Computational thinking has attracted much interest …

Unplugged activities as a low-cost solution to foster computational thinking (CT) skills seem
to be a trend in recent years. However, current evidence of the effectiveness of unplugged …

The implementation of effective professional development courses for K-12 teachers on
computational thinking (CT) in relation to programming remains a challenge. There is a lack …

Computational thinking is of growing interest to the science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics (STEM) education research community. Calls from national agencies look to …

Educators and policy makers have increasingly recognized the importance of computational
thinking (CT). Despite the growing body of CT literature, how to cultivate CT is still …

Programming is an important way to cultivate students' computational thinking (CT) skills,
which is the essential ability of students in the 21st century. As one of the mainstream forms …

This paper examined the effect of the Unplugged Programming Teaching Aids (UPTA) on
students' computational thinking and classroom interaction. A set of UPTA was created and …

ChatGPT, an AI-based chatbot with automatic code generation abilities, has shown its
promise in improving the quality of programming education by providing learners with …

Background Unplugged programming is proved to be an effective means to foster the
learner-centered programming learning. In addition to the final tests, learners' programming …

Computational thinking (CT) is regarded as an essential twenty-first century competency and
it is already embedded in K-12 curricula across the globe. However, research on assessing …