Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a hot topic in the development of cell
therapies and bioengineering. All kinds of MSCs are genomic stable and have the self …

The NR superfamily comprises 48 transcription factors in humans that control a plethora of
gene network programs involved in a wide range of physiologic processes. This review will …

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) transplantation could enhance bone repair. However,
the cell fate of transplanted MSCs, in terms of their local distribution and spatial associations …

The bone remodeling process is crucial for titanium (Ti) osseointegration and involves the
crosstalk between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Considering the high osteogenic potential of …

Hematopoiesis is extrinsically controlled by cells of the bone marrow microenvironment,
including skeletal lineage cells. The identification and subsequent studies of distinct …

The skeletal system and immune system seem to be two independent systems. However,
there in fact are extensive and multiple crosstalk between them. The concept of …

Bone remodeling occurs through the interactions of three major cell lineages, osteoblasts,
which mediate bone formation, osteocytes, which derive from osteoblasts, sense mechanical …

The skull bones are formed by osteoblasts by intramembranous ossification. WNT signaling
is a regulator of bone formation. Retinoic Acid (RA) act as a teratogen affecting craniofacial …

The family of retinoic acid receptors (RARs: RARα,-β, and-γ) has remarkable pleiotropy
characteristics, since the retinoic acid/RARs pathway is involved in numerous biological …

Retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily and shares
90% homology with retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) and retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ) …