The probability of a robust inference for internal validity

T Li, K Frank - Sociological Methods & Research, 2022 - journals.sagepub.com
The internal validity of observational study is often subject to debate. In this study, we define
the counterfactuals as the unobserved sample and intend to quantify its relationship with the …

On the probability of invalidating a causal inference due to limited external validity

T Li - arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.08649, 2022 - arxiv.org
External validity is often questionable in empirical research, especially in randomized
experiments due to the trade-off between internal validity and external validity. To quantify …

A Conceptual Framework for Quantifying the Robustness of a Regression-Based Causal Inference in Observational Study

T Li, KA Frank, M Chen - Mathematics, 2024 - mdpi.com
The internal validity of a causal inference made based on an observational study is often
subject to debate. The potential outcomes framework of causal inference stipulates that …

Investigating the Marginal and Herd Effects of COVID-19 Vaccination for Reducing Case Fatality Rate: Evidence from the United States between March 2021 to …

T Li, Z Wang, S He, Y Chen - Vaccines, 2023 - mdpi.com
Vaccination campaigns have been rolled out in most countries to increase vaccination
coverage and protect against case mortality during the ongoing pandemic. To evaluate the …

A generalized bootstrap procedure of the standard error and confidence interval estimation for inverse probability of treatment weighting

T Li, J Lawson - Multivariate Behavioral Research, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) approach is commonly used in
propensity score analysis to infer causal effects in regression models. Due to oversized …

The probability of a robust inference for internal validity and its applications in regression models

T Li, KA Frank - arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.12784, 2020 - arxiv.org
The internal validity of observational study is often subject to debate. In this study, we define
the unobserved sample based on the counterfactuals and formalize its relationship with the …

Investigating the marginal and herd effects of COVID-19 vaccination for reducing case fatality rate: Evidence from the United States

T Li, Z Wang, S He, Y Chen - medRxiv, 2023 - medrxiv.org
Vaccination campaigns have been rolled out in most countries to increase the vaccination
coverage and protect against case mortality during the ongoing pandemic. To evaluate the …

An investigation of the impact of index case screening on commonly reported epidemiological estimates in tuberculosis (TB) household contact study

Y Dou, T Li - medRxiv, 2023 - medrxiv.org
Tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb),
remains as one of the biggest threats to public health worldwide. The purpose of this study is …