The discovery of the Sry gene in 1990 triggered a revolution in our understanding of sex
determination. More recently, advances in non-model organisms have been fuelled by the …

Meiosis is essential for reproduction in sexually reproducing organisms. A key stage in
meiosis is the synapsis of maternal and paternal homologous chromosomes, accompanied …

Y chromosomes underlie sex determination in mammals, but their repeat-rich nature has
hampered sequencing and associated evolutionary studies. Here we trace Y evolution …

We sequenced the MSY (male-specific region of the Y chromosome) of the C57BL/6J strain
of the laboratory mouse Mus musculus. In contrast to theories that Y chromosomes are …

After birds diverged from mammals, different ancestral autosomes evolved into sex
chromosomes in each lineage. In birds, females are ZW and males are ZZ, but in mammals …

Meiotic drivers are selfish genetic elements that bias their transmission into gametes, often
to the detriment of the rest of the genome. The resulting intragenomic conflicts triggered by …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex meshwork of cross-linked proteins that provides
biophysical and biochemical cues that are major regulators of cell proliferation, survival …

Sex chromosomes are susceptible to the evolution of selfish meiotic drive elements that bias
transmission and distort progeny sex ratios. Conflict between such sex-ratio drivers and the …

Mammals have the oldest sex chromosome system known: the mammalian X and Y
chromosomes evolved from ordinary autosomes beginning at least 180 million years ago …

Intragenomic conflicts arise when a genetic element favours its own transmission to the
detriment of others. Conflicts over sex chromosome transmission are expected to have …