It is widely accepted that human and nonhuman species possess a specialized system to
process large approximate numerosities. The theory of an evolutionarily ancient …

Humans and other species have biologically endowed abilities for discriminating quantities.
A widely accepted view sees such abilities as an evolved capacity specific for number and …

Theory of mind, or" mindreading" as it is termed in this book, is the ability to think about
beliefs, desires, knowledge and intentions. It has been studied extensively by …

Approximate processing of numerosities is a universal and preverbal skill, while exact
number processing above 4 involves the use of culturally acquired number words and …

Background Humans and non-human animals share an approximate non-verbal system for
representing and comparing numerosities that has no upper limit and for which accuracy is …

Brain evolution has often been correlated with the cognitive demands of social life. Further
progress depends on our ability to link cognitive processes to corresponding brain part sizes …

Abstract With over 30,000 recognized species, fishes exhibit an extraordinary variety of
morphological, behavioural, and life-history traits. The field of fish cognition has grown …

The ability to use quantitative information is thought to be adaptive in a wide range of
ecological contexts. For nearly a century, the numerical abilities of mammals and birds have …

In quantity discrimination tasks, adults, infants and animals have been sometimes observed
to process number only after all continuous variables, such as area or density, have been …

The ability to discriminate between larger and smaller quantities has been demonstrated in
several mammalian and avian species suggesting the possibility of evolutionary …