When organisms can choose whom to interact with, it can create a biological market where
individuals need to outbid their rivals for access to cooperative relationships. Each …

Understanding the proximate and ultimate sources of human cooperation is a fundamental
issue in all behavioural sciences. In this paper, we review the experimental evidence on …

Should the idea of economic man—the amoral and self-interested Homo economicus—
determine how we expect people to respond to monetary rewards, punishments, and other …

Explicit economic incentives designed to increase contributions to public goods and to
promote other pro-social behavior sometimes are counterproductive or less effective than …

In this novel introduction to modern microeconomic theory, Samuel Bowles returns to the
classical economists' interest in the wealth and poverty of nations and people, the workings …

Explanations of poverty, growth and development depend on the assumptions made about
individual preferences and the willingness to engage in strategic behaviour. Economic …

Many studies show that people act cooperatively and are willing to punish free riders (ie,
people who are less cooperative than others). However, nonpunishers benefit when free …

Decentralized groups such as close knit residential neighborhoods and ethnically linked
businesses often achieve high levels of cooperation while engaging in exclusionary …

This article experimentally explores how the enforcement of cooperative behaviour in a
social dilemma is facilitated through institutional as well as emotional mechanisms. Recent …

Two factors that promote cooperation are partner choice and punishment of defectors, but
which option do people actually prefer to use? Punishment is predicted to be more common …