Superconductivity is a remarkably widespread phenomenon that is observed in most metals
cooled to very low temperatures. The ubiquity of such conventional superconductors, and …

Superconductivity develops in metals upon the formation of a coherent macroscopic
quantum state of electron pairs. Iron pnictides and chalcogenides are materials that have …

Decoherence inevitably happens when a quantum state is exposed to its environment,
which can affect quantum critical points (QCPs) in a nontrivial way. As was pointed out in the …

Although the existence of nematic order in iron-based superconductors is now a well-
established experimental fact, its origin remains controversial. Nematic order breaks the …

The recently discovered Fe-pnictide and chalcogenide superconductors display low-
temperature properties suggesting superconducting gap structures which appear to vary …

The surprising discovery of superconductivity in layered iron-based materials, with transition
temperatures climbing as high as 55 K, has led to thousands of publications on this subject …

The spontaneous reduction of rotational symmetry in a crystalline solid driven by an
electronic mechanism is referred to as electronic nematicity. This phenomenon—initially …

A fundamental and unconventional characteristic of superconductivity in iron-based
materials is that it occurs in the vicinity of two other instabilities. In addition to a tendency …

High-temperature superconductivity in the iron-based materials emerges from, or sometimes
coexists with, their metallic or insulating parent compound states. This is surprising, as these …

Four types of atomic-scale multipoles (electric, magnetic, magnetic toroidal, and electric
toroidal multipoles) give a complete set to describe arbitrary degrees of freedom for coupled …