The capacity to be self-aware is regarded as a fundamental difference between humans and
other species. However, growing evidence challenges this notion, indicating that many …

While domestic dogs, Canis familiaris, have been found to be skillful at social cognitive tasks
and even some meta-cognitive tasks, they have not passed the test of mirror self-recognition …

Animal self-awareness is divided into three levels: bodily, social, and introspective self-
awareness. Research has focused mainly on the introspection of so-called higher …

This study examined the associations between social support from different relationship
types (ie, spouses, children, friends, and parents) and psychological well-being (ie …

Mirror reflections can elicit various behavioral responses ranging from social behavior,
which suggests that an animal treats its own reflection as a conspecific, to mirror-guided self …

Abstract Mirror self-recognition (MSR), investigated in primates and recently in non-primate
species, is considered a measure of self-awareness. Nowadays, the only reliable test for …

Note from the Editors: To help our readers understand why we have decided to include
Doctor Fomomindo's admittedly unusual (and eternally unfinished) catalog (the …

Mirror self‐recognition, as an index of self‐awareness, has been proposed as a precursor
for more complex social cognitive abilities, such as prosocial reasoning and cooperative …

Self-recognition, that is, the recognition of one's own self, has been studied mainly by
examining animals' and children's responses to their reflections in mirrors (Gallup et al …

Chimpanzees and humans are capable of recognizing their own reflection in mirrors. Little is
understood about the selective pressures that led to this evolved trait and about the …