In recent years, the T1799A B-type Raf kinase (BRAF) mutation in thyroid cancer has
received enthusiastic investigation, and significant progress has been made toward …

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, accounting for 85–
90% of all thyroid cancers. Genetic alternations involving the mitogen-activated protein …

Context: BRAF mutations are common in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). By affecting
the expression of genes critically related to the development and differentiation of thyroid …

Pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs), WHO malignancy grade I, are the most frequently occurring
central nervous system tumour in 5-to 19-year-olds. Recent reports have highlighted the …

Protein phosphorylation is known to play an important role in various cellular processes
such as cell division, metabolism, survival and apoptosis. It is driven by specific enzymes …

Well-differentiated thyroid cancer has in general terms a very good outcome. It has a very
slow growth rate and, although it metastasises at a relatively high frequency, it has very high …

The RAS→ RAF→ MEK→ MAP kinase/ERK signaling pathway (MAP kinase pathway) is a
conserved protein kinase cascade that regulates cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation …

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is emerging as a tumor entity with dysregulated
Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling. Common genetic lesions observed in PA, which are linked to …

Background Previous literatures showed wide range of prevalence of BRAF V600E in
papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The correlation of BRAF V600E mutation with aggressive …

Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy, and although the disease
generally has an excellent prognosis, therapeutic options are limited for patients not cured …