Introduction The terminology for female pelvic floor prolapse (POP) should be defined and
organized in a clinically-based consensus Report. Methods This Report combines the input …

Pelvic organ prolapse is the descent of one or more of the anterior vaginal wall, posterior
vaginal wall, the uterus (cervix), or the apex of the vagina (vaginal vault or cuff scar after …

Importance Pelvic floor disorders (eg, urinary incontinence), which affect approximately 25%
of women in the United States, are associated with childbirth. However, little is known about …

The anatomic structures in the female that prevent incontinence and genital organ prolapse
on increases in abdominal pressure during daily activities include sphincteric and …

OBJECTIVE: To estimate differences in pelvic floor disorders by mode of delivery.
METHODS: We recruited 1,011 women for a longitudinal cohort study 5–10 years after first …

Background Pelvic organ prolapse is common, and some degree of prolapse is seen in 50%
of parous women. Women with prolapse can experience a variety of pelvic floor symptoms …

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether episiotomy, perineal laceration, and operative delivery
are associated with pelvic floor disorders after vaginal childbirth. METHODS: This is a …

Childbirth is an important event in a woman's life. Vaginal childbirth is the most common
mode of delivery and it has been associated with increased incidence of pelvic floor …

Objective To estimate the risk of prolapse associated with levator avulsion injury among a
urogynaecological clinic population. Design Retrospective observational study. Setting …

Please cite this paper as: Shek K, Dietz H. Intrapartum risk factors for levator trauma. BJOG
2010; 117: 1485–1492. Objective To determine intrapartum risk factors associated with …