One could certainly highlight a conceptual resemblance between social interactions as the
basis of societies and civilizations and the ability of molecules to interact in a noncovalent …

Molecular recognition plays an important role in living systems. 1, 2 Representative
molecular recognitions in living organisms are saccharide− protein, protein− protein, and …

Background Proteinaceous toxins are observed across all levels of inter-organismal and
intra-genomic conflicts. These include recently discovered prokaryotic polymorphic toxin …

Bacterial pathogens employ a number of genetic strategies to cause infection and,
occasionally, disease in their hosts. Many of these virulence factors and their regulatory …

The diseases caused by Shiga and cholera toxins account for the loss of millions of lives
each year. Both belong to the clinically significant subset of bacterial AB5 toxins consisting …

The interactions of cell surface carbohydrates as well as of soluble glycoconjugates with
their receptor proteins rule fundamental processes in cell biology. One of the …

Pathogenic bacteria utilise a number of mechanisms to cause disease in human hosts.
Bacterial pathogens express a wide range of molecules that bind host cell targets to facilitate …

Clathrin‐coated pits and caveolae are two of the most recognizable features of the plasma
membrane of mammalian cells. While our understanding of the machinery regulating and …

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) differs from most other salmonellae in that it
causes a life-threatening systemic infection known as typhoid fever. The molecular bases for …

Molecular biologists and chemists alike have long sought to modify proteins with
substituents that cannot be installed by standard or even advanced genetic approaches. We …