Replacing fossil fuels with energy sources and carriers that are sustainable, environmentally
benign, and affordable is amongst the most pressing challenges for future socio-economic …

Transition metal borides, carbides, pnictides, and chalcogenides (X-ides) have emerged as
a class of materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Because of their high earth …

Aqueous-phase oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the bottleneck of water splitting. The
formation of the O–O bond involves the generation of paramagnetic oxygen molecules from …

Interfacial engineering of heterostructured catalysts has attracted great interest in enabling
both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER), by fine tuning of the …

Heterogeneous electrocatalysis usually involves the charge transfer between the surface of
electrocatalysts and corresponding reactants. Thus, modulating the surface electron density …

The controllable synthesis of metal-based nanoclusters for heterogeneous catalytic
reactions has received considerable attention. Nevertheless, manufacturing these …

The development of low‐cost, high‐efficiency, and robust electrocatalysts for the oxygen
evolution reaction (OER) is urgently needed to address the energy crisis. In recent years …

Electrocatalysts based on hierarchically structured and heteroatom‐doped non‐noble metal
oxide materials are of great importance for efficient and low‐cost electrochemical water …

Developing energy-and time-saving methods to synthesize active and stable oxygen
evolving catalysts is of great significance to hydrogen production from water electrolysis …

The separate modulation of the adsorption of* O and* OOH is challenging in oxygen
evolution reaction (OER), which results in a large overpotential and slow kinetics. To …