Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a failure of
spontaneous resolution of inflammation. Although the pro-inflammatory cytokines and …

The incidence of autoimmune diseases has been steadily rising. Concomitantly, the
incidence of most infectious diseases has declined. This observation gave rise to the …

Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induces potently oxidative stress responses
and inflammatory processes. Isoliquiritigenin (ILG) is a flavonoid with a chalcone structure …

Helminths have evolved to become experts at subverting immune surveillance. Through
potent and persistent immune tempering, helminths can remain undetected in human …

The Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor or nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2)
transcription factor is a key player in cytoprotection and activated in stress conditions caused …

Inflammation as a second line of defense of innate immunity plays a crucial role in
eliminating invading pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi as well as other parasites). The …

Helminth parasites are masters at manipulating host immune responses, using an array of
sophisticated mechanisms. One of the major mechanisms enabling helminths to establish …

Inflammation is a devastating pathophysiological process during stroke, a devastating
disease that is the second most common cause of death worldwide. Activation of the NOD …

Methotrexate (MTX) is a first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but its clinical use is
greatly limited by the adverse effects and poor patient compliance caused by traditional oral …

Inflammasomes are a multi-protein platform forming a part of the innate immune system.
Inflammasomes are at standby status and can be activated when needed. Inflammasome …