Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant, nearly accounting for 30–50% of
stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. TAMs exhibit an immunosuppressive M2-like …

Introduction Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R, also known as c-FMS kinase) is in
the class III receptor tyrosine kinase family, along with c-Kit, Flt3 and PDGFRα. CSF-1/CSF …

Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating EGFR mutations
initially respond to first-generation EGFR inhibitors; however, the efficacy of these drugs is …

There is a crosstalk between Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and tumor-infiltrating T
cells in tumor environment. TAM could inhibit the activity of cytotoxic T cells; TAM could also …

Despite immune checkpoint inhibitors' tremendous success in the treatment of tumors, the
moderate response rate limits their widespread use. Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 …

Immunotherapy has changed the course of cancer treatment. The initial steps were made
through tumor-specific antibodies that guided the setup of an antitumor immune response. A …

KRAS is the most commonly altered oncogene of the RAS family, especially the G12C
mutant (KRAS G12C), which has been a promising drug target for many cancers. On the …

Pan-HER inhibitors exhibit extensive biological activity and offer unique advantages and
usually bind to targets in an irreversible manner. Owing to the off-target toxicity of irreversible …

The fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are increasingly considered attractive targets
for therapeutic cancer intervention due to their roles in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis …

Abstract Osimertinib (AZD9291), a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), has significantly improved the survival of non-small cell lung …