During evolution, the cerebral cortex advances by increasing in surface and the introduction
of new cytoarchitectonic areas among which the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is considered to be …

A large amount of evidence has demonstrated the power of exercise to support cognitive
function, the effects of which can last for considerable time. An emerging line of scientific …

Pathological fear and anxiety are highly debilitating and, despite considerable advances in
psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy they remain insufficiently treated in many patients with …

Recent studies have revealed that patients with psychiatric disorders have altered
microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in the circulation and brain. Furthermore, animal …

In the past two decades, advances in sequencing technology and analysis of the human and
mouse genome have led to the discovery of many non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) …

The amygdala is a key brain region that is critically involved in the processing and
expression of anxiety and fear-related signals. In parallel, a growing number of preclinical …

The nervous system equips us with capability to adapt to many conditions and
circumstances. We rely on an armamentarium of intricately formed neural circuits for many of …

Osteoporosis is the consequence of altered bone metabolism resulting in the systemic
reduction of bone strength and increased risk of fragility fractures. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that mediate posttranscriptional gene
suppression in a sequence-specific manner. The ability of a single miRNA species to target …

Highlights•miRNAs and RISC are located near synapses.•miRNAs regulate local protein
synthesis in dendrites and axons.•miRNAs play important roles in synapse development and …