Osteocytes, the most abundant and long-lived cells in bone, are the master regulators of
bone remodeling. In addition to their functions in endocrine regulation and calcium and …

In diarthrodial joints, the articular cartilage, calcified cartilage, and subchondral cortical and
trabecular bone form a biocomposite—referred to as the osteochondral unit—that is …

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an essential role in the regulation of bone
homeostasis in several chronic immune and inflammatory joint diseases, where inhibition of …

The first edition of Skeletal Tissue Mechanics, published in 1998, grew out of Bruce Martin's
lecture notes for a course by the same name, which was part of the biomedical engineering …

Skeletal fragility in the elderly does not simply result from a loss of bone mass. However, the
mechanisms underlying the concurrent decline in bone mass, quality, and …

This review focuses on understanding the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of
bone tissue and reviews current knowledge of its physiology. It explores how these features …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease and no disease-
modifying therapy for OA is currently available. Targeting articular cartilage alone may not …

Abstract Purpose of Review Postmenopausal osteoporosis reduces circulating estrogen
levels, which leads to osteoclast resorption, bone loss, and fracture. This review addresses …

Bone formation or regeneration requires the recruitment, proliferation, and osteogenic
differentiation of stem/stromal progenitor cells. A potent stimulus driving this process is …

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved anabolic
agent to treat osteoporosis; however, the cellular targets of PTH action in bone remain …