Abstract Pennatulaceans (Octocorallia: Pennatulacea) are among the most dominant
octocoral species living in soft bottom communities. Some of them are cosmopolitan and …

To better understand the biodiversity-biogeographic polar connections between southern
South America and Antarctica (SSA & A), we used benthic communities of hydroids as a …

The biogeography of hydrozoans encompasses a broad scope of study that involves various
challenges due to their diverse distributional strategies and life cycle characteristics. This …

Abstract The Arctic and Antarctic share many oceanographical features but differ greatly in
their geological histories. These divergent aspects lead to similarities and differences …

Benthic hydroids are an important component of the Antarctic benthic ecosystem. They have
been studied since the first Antarctic expeditions, and in recent years, there has been an …

Hydrozoans are recognized as one of the main and most characteristic zoological groups of
the Antarctic benthos, despite the fact that there are still large Antarctic areas where the …

Hydrozoans are a conspicuous component of Antarctic benthic communitites. Recent
taxonomic effort has led to a substantial increase in knowledge on the diversity of benthic …

Hydrozoans are one of the main and most characteristic zoological groups of Antarctic
benthic communities, yet there are Antarctic areas where the hydrozoan fauna is completely …

Benthic hydroids are an important component of the Antarctic benthic ecosystem. This is
characterised by extreme environmental conditions that undoubtedly affect organism …

The Southern Ocean (sensu lato) comprises all waters south of 45 S and encircles the
Antarctic continent. This ocean is a complex and dynamic system structured by the presence …