The increasing levels of sewage sludge production demands research and development to
introduce more commercially feasible options for reducing socio-economic and …

Abstracts Sewage sludge (mainly composed of excessive bio-sludge) is an inevitable by-
product of biological wastewater treatment process and contains various toxic substances …

Biochar, a carbon (C)-rich material obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass
under oxygen-limited environments, has been proposed as one of the most promising …

Pyrolysis, as a means of utilizing biomass resources, converts fuel-N in biomass into N-
containing compounds, such as pyrrole-N, pyridine-N and nitrile-N. These compounds can …

Land application of sewage sludge is increasingly used as an alternative to landfilling and
incineration owing to a considerable content of carbon and essential plant nutrients in …

Sewage sludge, the inevitable by-product of municipal wastewater treatment plant
operation, is a key issue in many countries due to its increasing volume and the impacts …

Black carbon (BC) is ubiquitous in the environments and participates in various
biogeochemical processes. Both positive and negative effects of BC (especially biochar) on …

Biomass is increasingly perceived as a renewable resource rather than as an organic solid
waste today, as it can be converted to various chemicals, biofuels, and solid biochar using …

Pyrolysis of protein-rich biomass, such as microalgae, macroalgae, sewage sludge, energy
crops, and some lignocellulosic biomass, produces bio-oil with high nitrogen (N) content …

Because of the rapid growth of global population and economic activity, sewage sludge
management is a global conundrum. Conventional landfilling and land-farming of sewage …