Xinjiang, China, is a representative arid region in Central Asia that is characterized by a
unique mountain–basin structure and fragile mountain–oasis–desert ecosystems. Climate …

Research reported during the past decade has shown that global warming is roughly
proportional to the total amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere. This makes …

We present a new version of the Met Office Hadley Centre/Climatic Research Unit global
surface temperature data set, HadCRUT5. HadCRUT5 presents monthly average near …

Abstract Within the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), ECMWF is producing the
ERA5 reanalysis which, once completed, will embody a detailed record of the global …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

The AR5 concluded that human influence on the climate system is clear, evident from
increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, positive radiative forcing …

We outline a new and improved uncertainty analysis for the Goddard Institute for Space
Studies Surface Temperature product version 4 (GISTEMP v4). Historical spatial variations …

This Report responds to the invitation for IPCC?... to provide a Special Report in 2018 on the
impacts of global warming of 1.5° C above pre-industrial levels and related global …

This study aims to analyze the impact of ICT, renewable energy consumption, and financial
development on CO2 emissions in selected developing countries of East and South Asia …

Quantifying signals and uncertainties in climate models is essential for the detection,
attribution, prediction and projection of climate change,–. Although inter-model agreement is …