Mammals are the most encephalized vertebrates, with the largest brains relative to body
size. Placental mammals have particularly enlarged brains, with expanded neocortices for …

Very shortly after the disappearance of the non‐avian dinosaurs, the first mammals that had
features similar to those of primates started appearing. These first primitive forms went on to …

Due to their global distribution, invasive history, and unique characteristics, European
rabbits are recognizable almost anywhere on our planet. Although they are members of a …

How do brain size and proportions relate to ecology and evolutionary history? Here, we use
virtual endocasts from 38 extinct and extant rodent species spanning 50+ million years of …

Alcidedorbignya inopinata is a basal pantodont (Placentalia, Mammalia) of small body size,
from the early Palaeocene of the Santa Lucia Formation at Tiupampa, Bolivia. Tiupampa is …

In recent years, paleoneurology became a very popular research field and hundreds of brain-
endocasts were described. The interpretation of a dorsal protuberance of the brain-endocast …

Aplodontia rufa (mountain beaver) is the only extant member of the Aplodontidae. The fossil
record indicates that this family displayed greater taxonomic and ecological diversity in the …

Extant squirrels exhibit extensive variation in brain size and shape, but published
endocranial data for living squirrels are limited, and no study has ever examined brain …

The evolution of the brain in rodents has rarely been studied from the perspective of the
fossil record. Here we describe the first virtual endocast of a fossil rodent, pertaining to …

Understanding the pattern of brain evolution in early rodents is central to reconstructing the
ancestral condition for Glires, and for other members of Euarchontoglires including Primates …