Agricultural, urban and industrial activities have dramatically increased aquatic nitrogen and
phosphorus pollution (eutrophication), threatening water quality and biotic integrity from …

Nitrogen (N) is used in many of life's fundamental biomolecules, and it is also a participant in
environmental redox chemistry. Biogeochemical processes control the amount and form of N …

Ocean and coastal ecosystems support life on Earth and many aspects of human well-being.
Covering two-thirds of the planet, the ocean hosts vast biodiversity and modulates the global …

Natural microbial communities are phylogenetically and metabolically diverse. In addition to
underexplored organismal groups, this diversity encompasses a rich discovery potential for …

This article describes the new Earth system model (ESM), the Model for Interdisciplinary
Research on Climate, Earth System version 2 for Long-term simulations (MIROC-ES2L) …

Microbial communities often exhibit incredible taxonomic diversity, raising questions
regarding the mechanisms enabling species coexistence and the role of this diversity in …

Phosphorus (P) is essential for life, but most of the global surface ocean is P depleted, which
can limit marine productivity and affect ecosystem structure. Over recent decades, a wealth …

The ocean is home to myriad small planktonic organisms that underpin the functioning of
marine ecosystems. However, their spatial patterns of diversity and the underlying drivers …

Compound MHW-OAX events, during which marine heatwaves (MHWs) co-occur with ocean
acidity extreme (OAX) events, can have larger impacts on marine ecosystems than the …

The micronutrient iron is now recognized to be important in regulating the magnitude and
dynamics of ocean primary productivity, making it an integral component of the ocean's …