Plant‐derived protease inhibitors (PIs) are a promising defensin for crop improvement and
insect pest management. Although agronomist made significant efforts in utilizing PIs for …

Annually, the cost of insect pest control in agriculture crosses billions of dollars around the
world. Until recently, broad-spectrum synthetic pesticides were considered as the most …

Plants protect themselves against pest attack utilizing both direct and indirect modes of
defense. The direct mode of defense includes morphological, biochemical, and molecular …

The calcium (Ca2+) signaling is a crucial event during plant-herbivore interaction, which
involves a transient change in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, which is sensed by Ca2+ …

Zea mays defense response is well-crafted according to the physical and chemical weapons
utilized by their invaders during the coevolutionary period. Maize plants employ diversified …

The specificity of woody plant defense responses to different attacking herbivores is poorly
known. We investigated the responses of black poplar (Populus nigra) to leaf feeding by …

Introduction Blumea balsamifera L.(Ainaxiang) DC. is a perennial herb of the compositae
family. It is also the primary source of natural borneol. Endo-borneol, the principal medical …

The studies of the long-term effects of insect infestations on plant anti-herbivore defences
tend to focus on feeding-induced damage. Infestations by an entire insect generation …

Background Mechanical wounding (MW) is mainly caused due to high wind, sand, heavy
rains and insect infestation, leading to damage to crop plants and an increase in the …

Herbivorous insects such as Spodoptera litura, pose a constant threat to agricultural crops.
The incompetence of contemporary pest management tools and techniques stipulates …