The antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has demonstrated several crucial properties for
the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, we reviewed the main HCQ …

Objective The understanding of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis
(LN) pathogenesis remains incomplete. This review assessed LN development in SLE …

Objectives Despite the publication of hundreds of trials on gout and hyperuricemia,
management of these conditions remains suboptimal. We aimed to assess the quality and …

SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by perturbations of the immune system. The
clinical presentation is heterogeneous, largely because of the multiple genetic and …

Introduction The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument is
the most commonly used guideline appraisal tool. It includes 23 appraisal criteria (items) …

SLE presents many challenges for clinicians. The onset of disease may be insidious, with
many different symptoms and signs, making early and accurate diagnosis challenging. Tests …

Background Cyclophosphamide, in combination with corticosteroids, has been first‐line
treatment for inducing disease remission for proliferative lupus nephritis, reducing death at …

SLE is a serious, debilitating autoimmune disease that affects various organs and body
systems. Of all the heterogeneous autoimmune diseases, SLE is perhaps the most …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease which can affect
various tissues and organs, posing significant challenges for clinical diagnosis and …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) carries a significant risk of cardiovascular disease
(CVD). The prevalence of premature CVD is especially noteworthy because it occurs in …