Blood-sucking arthropods transmit a variety of human pathogens acting as disseminators of
the so-called vector-borne diseases. Leishmaniasis is a spectrum of diseases caused by …

The shape and form of protozoan parasites are inextricably linked to their pathogenicity. The
evolutionary pressure associated with establishing and maintaining an infection and …

The contribution of vector transmission to pathogen establishment is largely underrated. For
Leishmania, transmission by sand flies is critical to early survival involving an irreproducible …

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease affecting millions of people worldwide. The disease
is caused by different species of Leishmania, and it is manifested by three major clinical …

Leishmaniases are vector-borne parasitic diseases with 0.9–1.4 million new human cases
each year worldwide. In the vectorial part of the life-cycle, Leishmania development is …

A thorough understanding of the transmission mechanism of any infectious agent is crucial
to implementing an effective intervention strategy. Here, our current understanding of the …

Highlights•Leishmaniasis remains a neglected tropical disease, with a high unmet medical
need.•Therapeutic efficacy varies depending on the species of Leishmania parasite.•Leads …

Trypanosomatids are protozoan parasites of the class Kinetoplastida predominately
restricted to invertebrate hosts (ie possess a monoxenous life-cycle). However, several …

Leishmania parasites need phlebotomine sand flies to complete their life cycle and to
propagate. This review looks at Leishmania–sand fly interactions as the parasites develop …

The life cycle of Leishmania alternates between two main morphological forms: intracellular
amastigotes in the mammalian host and motile promastigotes in the sand fly vector. Several …