Osteoporosis has been defined as the silent disease of the 21st century, becoming a public
health risk due to its severity, chronicity and progression and affecting mainly …

Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is currently the only Food and Drug Administration
(FDA)-approved osteoinductive growth factor used as a bone graft substitute. However, with …

Shortcomings related to the treatment of bone diseases and consequent tissue regeneration
such as transplants have been addressed to some extent by tissue engineering and …

Bone tissue has a remarkable ability to regenerate and heal itself. However, large bone
defects and complex fractures still present a significant challenge to the medical community …

Bone substitutes are being increasingly used in surgery as over two millions bone grafting
procedures are performed worldwide per year. Autografts still represent the gold standard …

Biomaterials can be endowed with biologically instructive properties by changing basic
parameters such as elasticity and surface texture. However, translation from in vitro proof of …

The processes of bone growth, modeling, and remodeling determine the structure, mass,
and biomechanical properties of the skeleton. Dysregulated bone resorption or bone …

Although growth factors naturally exert their morphogenetic influences within the context of
the extracellular matrix microenvironment, the interactions among growth factors, their …

The treatment of challenging fractures and large osseous defects presents a formidable
problem for orthopaedic surgeons. Tissue engineering/regenerative medicine approaches …

Modern synthetic biomaterials are being designed to integrate bioactive ligands within
hydrogel scaffolds for cells to respond and assimilate within the matrix. These advanced …