All eukaryotic organisms have evolved sophisticated immune systems to appropriately
respond to biotic stresses. In plants and animals, a key part of this immune system is pattern …

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated plant steroid hormones that are
crucial for many aspects of a plant's life. BRs were originally characterized for their function …

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a major reactive oxygen species in unicellular and
multicellular organisms, and is produced extracellularly in response to external stresses and …

Salinity is detrimental to plant growth, crop production and food security worldwide. Excess
salt triggers increases in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, which activate Ca2+-binding proteins …

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal phytohormones that are essential for plant growth,
development and adaptation to environmental stresses. BRs act in a dose-dependent …

In natural environments, plants are exposed to diverse microbiota that they interact with in
complex ways. While plant–pathogen interactions have been intensely studied to …

Plants solely rely on innate immunity of each individual cell to deal with a diversity of
microbes in the environment. Extracellular recognition of microbe‐and host damage …

Receptor kinases (RKs) are of paramount importance in transmembrane signaling that
governs plant reproduction, growth, development, and adaptation to diverse environmental …

Plant steroid hormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), play important roles in growth and
development. BR signaling controls the activities of BRASSINOSTERIOD INSENSITIVE1 …

Glutathione is an essential metabolite for plant life best known for its role in the control of
reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione is also involved in the detoxification of …