Pre-, post-, and remote conditioning of the myocardium are well described adaptive
responses that markedly enhance the ability of the heart to withstand a prolonged …

The kallikrein–kinin system (KKS) is proposed to act as a counter regulatory system against
the vasopressor hormonal systems such as the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) …

Accumulating evidence has highlighted the importance of the KKS as a protective system
against oxidative stress and organ damage in the heart and kidney. The activation of the …

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (kininase II, ACE, CD143) availability is a determinant of
local angiotensin and kinin concentrations and physiological actions. Limited information is …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide are
produced highly in myocarditis. ROS, which not only act as effectors for pathogen killing but …

Cardiac ischemia is a leading cause of death, especially in diabetic patients. The diabetic
ischemic heart is resistant experimentally to established cardioprotective treatments. New …

Kallikrein-K1 is the main kinin-forming enzyme in organs in resting condition and in several
pathological situations whereas angiotensin I-converting enzyme/kininase II (ACE) is the …

Abstract Background Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic disease with complex expression
because of the action of genetic and environmental factors. We investigated whether the …

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers reduce
myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury via bradykinin B2 receptor–and angiotensin AT2 …

Myocardial infarction (MI) followed by left ventricular (LV) remodeling is the most frequent
cause of heart failure. Lebetin 2 (L2), a snake venom-derived natriuretic peptide, exerts …