Memory lends itself to study through its retrieval whether it is evaluated by the behavior of a
mouse in a swimming pool, a verbal report from a human subject, or inferred from an …

Learning and memory involve the storage of specific sensory experiences. However, until
recently the idea that the primary sensory cortices could store specific memory traces had …

Emotional arousal enhances perception and memory of high-priority information but impairs
processing of other information. Here, we propose that, under arousal, local glutamate levels …

As many as two million people in the United Kingdom repeatedly see people, animals, and
objects that have no objective reality. Hallucinations on the border of sleep, dementing …

Traditionally the auditory system was considered a hard-wired sensory system; this view has
been challenged in recent years in light of the plasticity of other sensory systems, particularly …

The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system is involved in many brain functions
and neurological disorders. In this review we discuss how LC-NE signaling affects the …

Although the presence of neuromodulators in mammalian sensory systems has been noted
for some time, a groundswell of evidence has now begun to document the scope of these …

Historically, sensory systems have been largely ignored as potential loci of information
storage in the neurobiology of learning and memory. They continued to be relegated to the …

Many studies in intact animals have shown that locally applied or synaptically released
norepinephrine (NE) can enhance individual neuron and neural network responses to …

A substantial portion of our sensory experience happens during active behaviors such as
walking around or paying attention. How do sensory systems work during such behaviors …