Neutralizing antibodies can block infection, clear pathogens, and are essential to provide
long-term immunity. Since the onset of the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies …

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an exceptional public
health crisis that demands the timely creation of new therapeutics and viral detection. Owing …

INTRODUCTION Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA
vaccines are highly effective at preventing infection and especially severe disease …

Antibodies elicited by infection accumulate somatic mutations in germinal centers that can
increase affinity for cognate antigens. We analyzed 6 independent groups of clonally related …

Global research to combat the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the isolation and
characterization of thousands of human antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein …

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a focus in vaccine and therapeutic design to counteract
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants. Here, we …

The human immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IGH) locus is exceptionally polymorphic, with high
levels of allelic and structural variation. Thus, germline IGH genotypes are personal, which …

Somatic hypermutation (SHM) drives affinity maturation and continues over months in SARS-
CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). However, several potent SARS-CoV-2 antibodies …

Unrelated individuals can produce genetically similar clones of antibodies, known as public
clonotypes, which have been seen in responses to different infectious diseases, as well as …

Neutralizing antibodies that recognize the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein are the principal
host defense against viral invasion. Variants of SARS-CoV-2 bear mutations that allow …