To understand visual consciousness, we must understand how the brain represents
ensembles of objects at many levels of perceptual analysis. Ensemble perception refers to …

Crowding, the inability to recognize objects in clutter, sets a fundamental limit on conscious
visual perception and object recognition throughout most of the visual field. Despite how …

Developmental dyslexia (DD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder (about
10% of children across cultures) characterized by severe difficulties in learning to read …

In nearly every interpersonal encounter, people readily gather socio-visual cues to guide
their behavior. Intriguingly, social information is most effective in directing behavior when it is …

Many species, including humans, display group behavior. Thus, perceiving crowds may be
important for social interaction and survival. Here, we provide the first evidence that humans …

This Element outlines the recent understanding of ensemble representations in perception
in a holistic way aimed to engage the general audience, novel and expert alike. The …

Groups of objects are nearly everywhere we look. Adults can perceive and understand the
'gist'of multiple objects at once, engaging ensemble‐coding mechanisms that summarize a …

Increasing numbers of studies have explored human observers' ability to rapidly extract
statistical descriptions from collections of similar items (eg, the average size and orientation …

The human visual system represents summary statistical information (eg average) along
many visual dimensions efficiently. While studies have indicated that approximately the …

Visual perception is dramatically impaired when a peripheral target is embedded within
clutter, a phenomenon known as visual crowding. Despite decades of study, the …