Bile acids (BAs) are amphipathic steroid acids whose production and diversity depend on
both host and microbial metabolism. These metabolites have emerged as biologically active …

Leptin is a hormone discovered almost 30 years ago with important implications in
metabolism. It is primarily produced by white adipose tissue (WAT) in proportion to the …

Metabolic disorders have become among the most serious threats to human health, leading
to severe chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver …

Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a thermoregulatory organ known to promote energy
expenditure, has been extensively studied as a potential avenue to combat obesity …

Under conditions leading to aging and metabolic syndrome, the hypothalamus atypically
undergoes proinflammatory signaling activation leading to a chronic and stable background …

In the midst of an obesity epidemic, the promotion of brown adipose tissue (BAT) function
and the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) have emerged as promising therapeutic …

The canonical view about the effect of thyroid hormones (THs) on thermogenesis assumes
that the hypothalamus acts merely as a modulator of the sympathetic outflow on brown …

Obesity challenges lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The resulting glucolipotoxicity
causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction, provoking the accumulation of immature …

A severe burn can trigger a hypermetabolic state which lasts for years following the injury, to
the detriment of the patient. The drastic increase in metabolic demands during this phase …

AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the main cellular energy sensor. Activated following
a depletion of cellular energy stores, AMPK will restore the energy homoeostasis by …