Increasing evidence suggests that vascular risk factors contribute to neurodegeneration,
cognitive impairment and dementia. While there is considerable overlap between features of …

Advances in neuroimaging have enabled greater understanding of the progression of
cerebral degenerative processes associated with ageing‐related dementias. Leukoaraiosis …

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with
dysregulated metabolism, brain inflammation, synaptic loss, and neuronal cell death. As a …

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's
disease (AD), characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, memory loss, and thinking …

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical
age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood …

Microglia cells are the unique residential macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS).
They have a special origin, as they derive from the embryonic yolk sac and enter the …

Centenarians are remarkable not only because of their prolonged life, but also because they
compress morbidity until the very last moments of their lives, thus being proposed as a …

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) refers to all forms of cognitive disorder related to
cerebrovascular diseases, including vascular mild cognitive impairment, post-stroke …

Pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases involves dysfunction of mitochondria, one of
the most important cell organelles in the brain, with its most prominent roles in producing …

The pathogenic mechanisms underlying vascular cognitive impairment and dementia
(VCID) remain controversial due to the heterogeneity of vascular causes and complexity of …