Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a long-term and serious complication of diabetes that
affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by proteinuria, glomerular damage …

Gremlin-1 is a secreted bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist playing a pivotal role
in the regulation of tissue formation and embryonic development. Since its first identification …

Abstract Objectives To develop PLGA/nHA scaffold containing BMP-2 cell growth factor
chitosan sustained release system as tissue engineered bone for repairing large jaw …

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a chronic glomerular disease associated with
podocyte injury which is named after the pathologic features of the kidney. The aim of this …

Molecular signaling that leads to brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) is to date elusive
and this is firstly due to the low frequency of familial cases. Conversely, sporadic bAVM is …

The axon guidance cue SLIT3 was identified as an osteoanabolic agent in two recent
reports. However, these reports conflict in their nomination of osteoblasts versus osteoclasts …

TGF-β family signaling pathways, including TGF-β and BMP pathways, are widely involved
in the regulation of health and diseases through downstream SMADs, which are also …

Elastic cartilage constitutes a major component of the external ear, which functions to guide
sound to the middle and inner ears. Defects in auricle development cause congenital …

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional secreted cytokines that act in a
highly context-dependent manner. BMP action extends beyond the induction of cartilage …

The reproductive lifespan of female mammals is limited and ultimately depends on the
production of a sufficient number of high-quality oocytes from a pool of nongrowing …