There have been many recent advances in the understanding of various aspects of the
physiology of gastric motility and gastric emptying. Earlier studies had discovered the …

The processing of proglucagon in intestinal L cells results in the formation of glucagon, GLP-
1, and GLP-2. The GLP-1 molecule becomes active through the effect of proconvertase 1 …

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a multi-faceted gonadal cytokine. It is present in all
vertebrates with its original function in phylogeny being as a regulator of germ cells in both …

Scope Obesity is a common disease worldwide and there is an urgent need for strategies to
preventing obesity. Methods and Results The anti‐obesity effect and mechanism of …

Since its discovery in 2006 by Oh-I and colleagues, NUCB2/nesfatin-1 encoded by
nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) has drawn sustained attention as reflected in over 500 …

Communication of gut hormones with the central nervous system is important to regulate
systemic glucose homeostasis, but the precise underlying mechanism involved remain little …

Glucose homeostasis is an important biological process that involves a variety of regulatory
mechanisms. This study aimed to determine whether ghrelin, a multifunctional gut-brain …

Abstract Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a member of the FGF superfamily that acts in
an endocrine manner. FGF21 is a key regulator of energy balance and metabolism in …

Ghrelin is an important gut-derived hormone with an appetite stimulatory role, while most of
the intestinal hormones, including cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon …

The stomach is responsible for the processing of nutrients as well as for the secretion of
various hormones which are involved in many activities throughout the gastrointestinal tract …