Cancer is the second leading cause of human death globally. PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling is
one of the most frequently dysregulated signaling pathways observed in cancer patients that …

Cellular homeostasis and adaptation to various environmental conditions are importantly
regulated by the sophisticated mechanism of autophagy and its crosstalk with Wnt signaling …

Hypoxia‐induced M2 phenotypes of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) promote the
development and chemoresistance of multiple types of cancers, including glioblastoma …

Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor that develops in the glial tissue. Several
studies have identified that glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs) play important roles in tumor …

Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins with a pivotal role in cell adhesion and tissue
homeostasis. The cadherin-dependent mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration are …

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are common genetic abnormalities in glioma,
which result in the accumulation of an “oncometabolite”, D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most serious brain tumor and shows a high rate of drug
resistance. Wnt signaling is a very important pathway in GBM that can activate/inhibit other …

Human pluripotent embryonic stem cells have two special features: self-renewal and
pluripotency. It is important to understand the properties of pluripotent stem cells and …

Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the calamitous primary glial brain tumors with extensive
heterogeneity at cellular and molecular levels. While maximal surgical resection trailed by …

Cancer is one of the most widespread and severe diseases with a huge mortality rate. In
recent years, the second-leading mortality rate of any cancer globally has been breast …