Background Non-communicable diseases are the leading global cause of death and
disproportionately afflict those living in low-income and lower-middle-income countries …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hitherto underdiagnosed in India, is now
recognized in 4-10 per cent of adult male population of India and several other Asian …

Background: Although people of South Asian, Chinese and black ethnic backgrounds
represent about 60% of the world's population, most knowledge of cardiovascular risk is …

Abstract Background: The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) was carried out for
systematically monitoring tobacco use and for tracking key tobacco control indicators …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem in India.
Although several International guidelines for diagnosis and management of COPD are …

Background: Tobacco is the leading cause of mortality globally and in India. The magnitude
and the pattern of tobacco consumption are likely to be influenced by the geographical …

COPD is a global health concern, and is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality
worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, it is currently the sixth leading cause …

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of cardiovascular death worldwide.
Prevalence of CAD is highly variable among different races. Asian Indians have been noted …

Background: Smoking, which is an important risk factor for periodontitis, induces oxidative
stress in the body and causes an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and …

Abstract Background and purpose In Pakistan, almost 70% of the population lives in rural
areas. Ninety-four percent of households in rural areas and 58% in urban areas depend on …