In health, the near-eucapnic, highly efficient hyperpnea during mild-to-moderate intensity
exercise is driven by three obligatory contributions, namely, feedforward central command …

In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the progressive loss of lung tissue is
widely considered irreversible. Thus, various treatment and rehabilitation schemes …

Rationale: Impaired exercise ventilatory efficiency (high ventilatory requirements for CO2 [V˙
e/V˙ co2]) provides an indication of pulmonary gas exchange abnormalities in chronic …

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), exertional dyspnoea
generally arises when there is imbalance between ventilatory demand and capacity, but the …

Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality risk is often estimated
using the BODE (body mass index, obstruction, dyspnea, exercise capacity) index, including …

Reduced lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) at rest and increased
ventilation (⩒ E)-carbon dioxide output (⩒ CO2) during exercise are frequent findings in …

Rationale: It is increasingly recognized that adults with preserved ratio impaired spirometry
(PRISm) are prone to increased morbidity. However, the underlying pathophysiological …

Exertional dyspnea, a key complaint of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), ultimately reflects an increased inspiratory neural drive to breathe. In non …

Methods With the application of PRISMA guidelines, Pubmed, PEDro, Science direct, and
the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception until 25 …

Many primary care and general pulmonologists see patients in clinic who are smokers or
former smokers who report problems with exertional dyspnea and yet, when pulmonary …