▪ Abstract Inherited environmental effects are those components of the phenotype that are
derived from either parent, apart from nuclear genes. Inherited environmental effects arise …

Baculoviruses (Baculoviridae) are occluded DNA viruses that are lethal pathogens of the
larval stages of some lepidopterans, mosquitoes, and sawflies (phytophagous …

The parasitoid is a broad evolutionary association of hymenopteran insects which are well‐
known as biological control agents. Parasites are different from predators because parasites …

We compiled life tables for 78 holometabolous herbivorous insect species to quantify levels
of apparent enemy‐induced mortality of immature insects. Enemies were classified by type …

Studies examining interspecific differences in sexual size dimorphism (SSD) typically
assume that the degree of sexual differences in body size is invariable within species. This …

Theory suggests that the current rapid increase in connectivity and consequential changes
in the structure of human, agricultural, and wildlife populations may select for parasite strains …

The prevalence of pathogens in wild populations has often been estimated by the
appearance of overt symptoms in the host, and this is typically used as the sole gauge of the …

This paper aims to study a SIR model with and without vaccination. A reproduction number
R0 is defined and it is obtained that the disease-free equilibrium point is unstable if 𝑅𝑅0> 1 …

Sex differences in the mean trait expression are well documented, not only for traits that are
directly associated with reproduction. Less is known about how the variability of traits differs …

While viral diseases of Lepidoptera are usually recognized for their ability to kill infected
hosts, they may also reduce the fitness of individuals which survive infection. We have …