Even though the field of applied linguistics has witnessed a growth of research in the areas
of comprehension (listening and reading) subskills, there is currently no universally …

This guide for teachers and teacher trainees provides a wealth of suggestions for helping
learners at all levels of proficiency develop their listening and speaking skills and fluency …

Differential item functioning (DIF) analysis is a way of determining whether test items
function differently across subgroups of test takers after controlling for ability level. DIF …

This study investigates the underlying structure of the listening test of the Singapore–
Cambridge General Certificate of Education (GCE) exam, comparing the fit of five cognitive …

This article investigates a version of the International English Language Testing System
(IELTS) listening test for evidence of differential item functioning (DIF) based on gender …

Over the years, various approaches to validation have emerged in psychological and
educational assessment research, which can be classified into traditional approaches and …

The testing and teaching of listening has been partially guided by the notion of subskills, or a
set of listening abilities that are needed for achieving successful comprehension and …

This study considered the extent to which testwiseness and test anxiety affected
performance on the IELTS Listening test. It sought to address the following three research …

The transfer of positive charge through DNA has been investigated in great detail over the
last couple of years. In this area, major new mechanistic insights have been gained using …

Cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs) show great promise in language assessment for
providing rich diagnostic information. The lack of a full understanding of second language …