Plant root exudates serve pivotal roles in supporting plant development and interactions with
the physicochemical and biological factors in the rhizosphere. Under stress conditions, root …

Aluminum (Al) is the third most ubiquitous metal in the earth's crust. A decrease in soil pH
below 5 increases its solubility and availability. However, its impact on plants depends …

Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust, but its availability depends on
soil pH. Despite this abundance, Al is not considered an essential element and so far no …

Heavy metal contamination of soil and water causing toxicity/stress has become one
important constraint to crop productivity and quality. This situation has further worsened by …

Although magnesium (Mg) is one of the most important nutrients, involved in many enzyme
activities and the structural stabilization of tissues, its importance as a macronutrient ion has …

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils is a significant limitation to crop production worldwide, as
approximately 50% of the world's potentially arable soil is acidic. Because acid soils are …

Aluminum (Al) precipitates in acidic soils having a pH< 5.5, in the form of conjugated organic
and inorganic ions. Al-containing minerals solubilized in the soil solution cause several …

Aluminium (Al) toxicity is one of the major abiotic stress problems around the globe where
acidic soil is present. Al shows a toxic effect between the soil pH 4.5 and 5.5. Root growth …

Magnesium (Mg) is the second most abundant cation in plants, and, as such, is involved in
numerous physiological and biochemical processes, including photosynthesis, enzyme …

Root system architecture (RSA)–the spatial configuration of a root system–is an important
developmental and agronomic trait, with implications for overall plant architecture, growth …