Bioelectricity plays an essential role in the structural and functional organization of biological
organisms. In this first article of our three-part series, we summarize the importance of …

Microtubules, actin, and collagen are macromolecular structures that compose a large
percentage of the proteins in the human body, helping form and maintain both intracellular …

In this article, the Lie symmetry and Ricatti-Bernoulli (RB) sub-ODE method are applied to
obtain soliton solutions for nonlinear transmission line equation (NLTLs). The NLTLs is …

The greatest mystery of life is how a single fertilized egg develops into a fully functioning,
sometimes conscious multicellular organism. Embryogenesis Explained offers a new theory …

The nonlinear transmission line is a structure where short-duration pulses called electrical
solitons can be created and propagated. In this paper, we analytically and numerically …

The study of electrical field effects on cells dates back to 1892 when Wilhelm Roux observed
pronounced stratification of the cytoplasm of animal eggs when exposed to electric fields …

A nonlinear network with many coupled nonlinear LC dispersive transmission lines is
considered, each line of the network containing a finite number of cells. In the semi-discrete …

Actin filaments, as key components of the cytoskeleton, have aroused great interest due to
their numerous functional roles in eukaryotic cells, including intracellular electrical signaling …

We simulate an actin filament as an automaton network. Every atom takes two or three states
and updates its state, in discrete time, depending on a ratio of its neighbours in some …

Abstract Calcium ions (Ca 2+) tune and control numerous diverse aspects of cochlear and
vestibular physiological processes. This paper is focused on the Ca 2+ control of …