Simple Summary Inflammation is like the proverbial double-edged sword. Controlled short-
term inflammation could be a protective response while uncontrolled inflammation sustains …

Simple Summary The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model is an alternative in vivo test
system for the study of hallmarks of cancer such as angiogenesis, tumor growth, immune …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of death in cancer patients in the USA,
whereas the major cause of CRC deaths is hepatic metastases. The liver is the most …

Cell‐based immunotherapy, for example, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cell
immunotherapy, has revolutionized cancer treatment, particularly for blood cancers …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the highly abundant components in the
tumor microenvironment (TME). They secrete several cytokines, which amplified tumor …

Stress is an integral part of life. While acute responses to stress are generally regarded as
beneficial in dealing with immediate threats, chronic exposure to threatening stimuli exerts …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as key contributors to tumor initiation, growth, and
metastasis. In addition, CSCs play a significant role in inducing immune evasion, thereby …

Background Detection of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in biological fluids is a minimally
invasive alternative to tissue biopsy for therapy monitoring. Cytokines are released in the …

Background To our current understanding, solid tumors depend on suppressed local
immune reactions, often elicited by the interaction between tumor cells and tumor …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are an exciting advancement in cancer
immunotherapy, with striking success in hematological cancers. However, in solid tumors …