The pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), causing tuberculosis disease, features an
extraordinary thick cell envelope, rich in Mtb-specific lipids, glycolipids, and glycans. These …

Rapid emergence of aggressive, multidrug-resistant Mycobacteria strain represents the
main cause of the current antimycobacterial-drug crisis and status of tuberculosis (TB) as a …

Phosphatidyl-inositol mannosides (PIM) are glycolipids unique to mycobacteria and other
related bacteria that stimulate host immune responses and are implicated in mycobacteria …

Summary Exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) may lead to active or latent
tuberculosis, or clearance of Mtb, depending essentially on the quality of the host's immune …

Glycolipids constitute a major part of the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb).
They are potent immunomodulatory molecules recognized by several immune receptors like …

Cysteine proteases (gingipains) from Porphyromonas gingivalis are key virulence factors in
chronic periodontitis. Innate immune receptors CD14, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular bacterium that persists and replicates inside
macrophages. The bacterium possesses an unusual lipid-rich cell envelope that provides a …

Disclosure of HIV-positive status to sex partners is critical to protecting uninfected partners.
In addition, people living with HIV often risk criminal prosecution when they do not inform …

Pathogenic mycobacteria gain entry to their hosts by inhalation or ingestion where they
adhere to different cell types and are subsequently internalized by professional phagocytic …

TLRs are key innate immune receptors that recognize conserved features of biological
molecules that are found in microbes. In particular, TLR2 has been reported to be activated …