Competing paradigms of obesity pathogenesis: energy balance versus carbohydrate-insulin models

DS Ludwig, CM Apovian, LJ Aronne, A Astrup… - European journal of …, 2022 - nature.com
The obesity pandemic continues unabated despite a persistent public health campaign to
decrease energy intake (“eat less”) and increase energy expenditure (“move more”). One …

Sugar for the brain: the role of glucose in physiological and pathological brain function

P Mergenthaler, U Lindauer, GA Dienel… - Trends in neurosciences, 2013 - cell.com
The mammalian brain depends upon glucose as its main source of energy, and tight
regulation of glucose metabolism is critical for brain physiology. Consistent with its critical …

Role of astrocytes, microglia, and tanycytes in brain control of systemic metabolism

C García-Cáceres, E Balland, V Prevot, S Luquet… - Nature …, 2019 - nature.com
Astrocytes, microglia, and tanycytes play active roles in the regulation of hypothalamic
feeding circuits. These non-neuronal cells are crucial in determining the functional …

The energetic brain–A review from students to students

MP Bordone, MM Salman, HE Titus… - Journal of …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
The past 20 years have resulted in unprecedented progress in understanding brain energy
metabolism and its role in health and disease. In this review, which was initiated at the 14th …

AgRP neurons: Regulators of feeding, energy expenditure, and behavior

JD Deem, CL Faber, GJ Morton - The FEBS journal, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) that express agouti‐related peptide
(AgRP) govern a critical aspect of survival: the drive to eat. Equally important to survival is …

Acts of appetite: neural circuits governing the appetitive, consummatory, and terminating phases of feeding

IC Alcantara, APM Tapia, Y Aponte, MJ Krashes - Nature metabolism, 2022 - nature.com
The overconsumption of highly caloric and palatable foods has caused a surge in obesity
rates in the past half century, thereby posing a healthcare challenge due to the array of …

Nutrient-sensing AgRP neurons relay control of liver autophagy during energy deprivation

W Chen, O Mehlkop, A Scharn, H Nolte, P Klemm… - Cell Metabolism, 2023 - cell.com
Autophagy represents a key regulator of aging and metabolism in sensing energy
deprivation. We find that fasting in mice activates autophagy in the liver paralleled by …

Leptin and insulin pathways in POMC and AgRP neurons that modulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis

L Varela, TL Horvath - EMBO reports, 2012 - embopress.org
With the steady rise in the prevalence of obesity and its associated diseases, research
aimed at understanding the mechanisms that regulate and control whole body energy …

Leptin signalling pathways in hypothalamic neurons

O Kwon, KW Kim, MS Kim - Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2016 - Springer
Leptin is the most critical hormone in the homeostatic regulation of energy balance among
those so far discovered. Leptin primarily acts on the neurons of the mediobasal part of …

AgRP neurons control systemic insulin sensitivity via myostatin expression in brown adipose tissue

SM Steculorum, J Ruud, I Karakasilioti, H Backes… - Cell, 2016 - cell.com
Activation of Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons potently promotes feeding, and
chronically altering their activity also affects peripheral glucose homeostasis. We …