Plants and microbes (mycorrhizal fungi to be precise) have evolved together over the past
millions of years into an association that is mutualist. The plants supply the fungi with …

The construction of a plant rhizosphere system enriched with beneficial microbes (BMs) can
efficiently help plants defend against phytophagous insects. However, our comprehensive …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis can provide multiple benefits to the host plant,
including improved nutrition and protection against biotic stress. Mycorrhiza induced …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is the oldest and most widespread mutualistic
association on Earth and involves plants and soil fungi belonging to Glomeromycotina. A …

Plants simultaneously interact with belowground symbionts such as arbuscular mycorrhizal
(AM) fungi and aboveground antagonists such as aphids. Generally, plants gain access to …

Pinus taeda is an important forest tree species for plantations because of its rapid growth
and high yield of oleoresins. Although P. taeda plantations distribute in warm and wet …

Soil biotic and abiotic factors can affect the interaction between invasive and native species.
However, it is not yet clear how arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis affects the interaction …

Nutrients contained in plant tissues serve as the driving force behind plant and herbivore
interactions. The nutrient level, including different kinds of elements and amount of fertilizer …

Ethylene (ET) controls many facets of plant growth and development under abiotic and biotic
stresses. MtEIN2, as a critical element of the ET signaling pathway, is essential in biotic …

Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) is native to the southeastern United States (US) and is an
important forest tree species in the southern mixed pine-oak forest (Kricher and Morrison …