It has been shown that the exposure to airborne particulate matter is one of the most
significant environmental risks people face. Since indoor environment is where people …

Human civilization is currently facing two particular challenges: population growth with a
strong trend towards urbanization and climate change. The latter is now no longer seriously …

Background While the indoor environmental quality of classrooms is a potential issue
because it may affect the wellbeing of school children, the relations are still poorly studied …

Indoor concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), and
carbon monoxide (CO) were measured across 16 urban public schools in three different …

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of ventilation was widely stressed and new
protocols of ventilation were implemented in school buildings worldwide. In the Netherlands …

Two primary schools and one kindergarten were selected in the city of Kozani, Greece in
order to investigate the school environment, the indoor air pollutants that children are …

It is known that ultrafine particles (UFP, particles smaller than 0.1 μm) can penetrate deep
into the lungs and potentially have adverse health effects. However, epidemiological data on …

School classrooms are often reported as having insufficient ventilation with elevated indoor
CO 2 concentrations. This paper reports on pre-pandemic field measurements of CO 2 …

Children spend more time in schools than in any other place except at home. Children are
more susceptible than adults to effects of toxic exposure, but also to poor acoustic …

Ultrafine particles (≤ 100 nm in diameter) are the smallest condensed-phase materials in
air. By number, they are the most abundant particles both outdoors and indoors. Because of …