Introduction Abnormal findings on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and
electroretinography (ERG) have been reported in participants with schizophrenia spectrum …

ChP imaging metrics are emerging as possible biomarkers of neuroinflammation and repair
failure in MS. Future works combining multimodal imaging techniques should provide a …

Both structural and functional alterations in the retina and the choroid of the eye, as parts of
the central nervous system, have been shown in psychotic disorders, especially in …

A number of congenital and inherited diseases present with both ocular and psychiatric
features. The genetic inheritance and phenotypic variants play a key role in disease severity …

A subset of individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) are thought to have a microvascular
component to their illness with studies demonstrating alterations in retinal superficial, deep …

Background Electroretinographic dysfunction is observed in psychosis, with a-wave and b-
wave amplitudes potentially serving as biomarkers. Insulin resistance (IR) and childhood …

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare bipolar disorder (BD) patients with age-and
sex-matched healthy individuals in order to assess the choroidal structural alterations …

Studying the neurovasculature of the retina can provide invaluable information regarding
Central Nervous System. This is mainly because the retina shares a common embryological …