Cholera is an ancient disease that remains a public health problem in many impoverished
locations around the world. Seven pandemics of cholera have been recorded since the first …

Zimbabwe offers the most recent example of the tragedy that befalls a country and its people
when cholera strikes. The 2008–2009 outbreak rapidly spread across every province and …

Cholera, caused by Vibrio cholerae, persists in developing countries due to inadequate
access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene. There are approximately 4 million cases and …

Cholera and the related Escherichia coli-associated diarrheal disease are important
problems confronting Third World nations and any area where water supplies can become …

Immunization is one of the great advances in public health. Figure 0.1 shows a camel with a
solar-powered refrigerator on his back carrying vaccines across a hot desert to the far …

In comparison to a large spectrum of currently available injectable vaccines, the
nonparenteral route of immunization is used infrequently in both human and veterinary …

The protective efficacy (PE) of B subunit killed whole-cell (BS-WC) and killed whole-cell-only
(WC) oral cholera vaccines was assessed in a randomised double-blind field trial among …

Cholera, a waterborne acute diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, remains
prevalent in underdeveloped countries and is a serious health threat to those living in …

The timelines for developing vaccines against infectious diseases are lengthy, and often
vaccines that reach the stage of large phase 3 field trials fail to provide the desired level of …

Background Efficacy and safety of a two-dose regimen of bivalent killed whole-cell oral
cholera vaccine (Shantha Biotechnics, Hyderabad, India) to 3 years is established, but long …