Routledge Handbooks in Applied Linguistics provide comprehensive overviews of the key
topics in applied linguistics. All entries for the handbooks are specially commissioned and …

Most second language assessment researchers agree that interactional competence (IC) is
an important part of the construct of oral communication. However, measurement of IC has …

The study utilized a mixed methods approach to compare the scoring of raters in assessing
writing performance across three modes: paper-based, on-screen marking of scanned …

Nonverbal behavior can impact language proficiency scores in speaking tests, but there is
little empirical information of the size or consistency of its effects or whether language …

This study examined the role of visual cues (facial expressions and hand gestures) in
second language (L2) speech assessment. University students (N= 60) at English-medium …

This controlled experimental study investigated the interaction of variables associated with
rating the pronunciation component of high-stakes English-language-speaking tests such as …

This study explores the integration of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in informal
digital learning of English (IDLE) practices, focusing on its potential to enhance language …

This study examined the effect of rater training on promoting inter-rater reliability in oral
language assessment. It also investigated whether rater training and the consideration of the …

In the teaching of English, there is an increasing focus on practical communication skills. As
a result, the speaking test component has received more and more attention from education …

The recent global health crisis (COVID-19) has had a profound impact on education at all
levels, including language education. Thanks to the internet and the affordances of digital …