The use of enzymes in industrial processes requires the improvement of their features in
many instances. Enzyme immobilization, a requirement to facilitate the recovery and reuse …

The excessive demand for fossil fuels has caused severe environmental impacts, such as
GHG-related effects and widespread pollution. Firstly, it is essential to identify the main …

As a highly efficient and environmentally friendly biocatalyst, immobilized lipase has
received incredible interest among the biotechnology community for the production of …

Ionic liquids (ILs) have now been acknowledged as reaction media for biotransformations.
The first three examples were reported in this field in 2000, and since then, numerous …

Concern over the economics of accessing fossil fuel reserves, and widespread acceptance
of the anthropogenic origin of rising CO2 emissions and associated climate change from …

In the over 1,800 articles published since their inception in 2001, most deep eutectic
solvents (DES) synthesized have been hydrophilic. The low cost, low toxicity, and …

There are still debates on whether the hydration of ions perturbs the water structure, and
what is the degree of such disturbance; therefore, the origin of the Hofmeister effect on …

Developing technologies for the production of alternative fuels from biorenewable resources
is a field of interest for many researchers. Adequate substitute to diesel fuel is biodiesel that …

The impetus for the expanding interest in ionic liquids (ILs) is their favorable properties and
important applications. Ionic liquid-based surfactants (ILBSs) carry long-chain hydrophobic …

During the past decade, ionic liquids (ILs) have gained tremendous attention in nearly every
branch of the chemical and physical sciences as designer (task‐driven) and budding …